Case

Syntax

case EXPRESSION in
PATTERN_1)
  STATEMENTS
  ;;

PATTERN_2)
  STATEMENTS
  ;;

PATTERN_N)
  STATEMENTS
  ;;

*)
  STATEMENTS
  ;;
esac

Using * is for a catch-all i.e. default.

Note no need for break like in C or JS.

Repeat for as many cases as you like. Recommended - put in * to handle no match.

Examples

FOO=def

case "$FOO" in
  abc)
    echo 'Matched abc'
    ;;
  def)
    echo 'Matched def'
    ;;
  *)
    echo 'No match'
    ;;
esac

Result:

Matched def

Countries - from article.

echo -n "Enter the name of a country: "
read COUNTRY

echo -n "The official language of $COUNTRY is "

case $COUNTRY in
England)
  echo -n "English"
  ;;

Brazil | Portugal)
  echo -n "Portuguese"
  ;;

*)
  echo -n "Unknown"
  ;;
esac